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It does not deliver that generator’s electrons to the buyer’s meter; renewable attributes, commonly a Renewable Energy Guarantee of Origin (REGO), transfer only if the contract says so. A private wire is a cable that carries the generator’s output to the customer without using the public distribution network for that unit, and it is usually only practical on the same site or next door. Adjacency, land rights, the legal customer and whether a supplier will sleeve decide which route is available." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Who supplies the site if generation falls short, and can the business switch supplier?", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "On a sleeve, the licensed supplier remains the supplier of the site. It settles the agreed volume, manages imbalance and continues to supply whatever the generator does not cover, so the business cannot shop the import contract independently each year. If the preferred supplier will not sleeve that generator, the structure does not exist. On a private wire, the cable does not replace import power: nights, winter weeks and outages are still covered through the site’s import MPAN, and the import supplier may still change. Selling electricity across the wire is a separate legal question from changing that import supplier." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "When is on-site solar self-consumption rather than a private wire?", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "Power used by the occupier of the same building, behind the same meter, is self-consumption. It is not a private wire to a third party. The distinction appears as soon as a landlord, a tenant or a neighbour is a different legal entity. A private wire needs a buildable route and rights over the land, and planning, highways or third-party land can stop it even where the energy case looks sound. 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That supply structure should be settled before the private network is built." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Is the generation price the full cost of a sleeved PPA or a private wire?", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "No. On a sleeve, network and policy costs, plus sleeving, imbalance and shaping charges, sit on top of the generation price, and they move with demand shape and forecast error. A tidy annual total can still be an awkward winter-evening shape. On a private wire, build cost depends on route length, voltage, trenching, crossings and consent risk, and using fewer imported kilowatt-hours does not automatically remove standing or residual network charges. How DUoS, TNUoS, BSUoS and related charges treat the volumes should be checked on current Ofgem and network charging statements." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "Which businesses suit a sleeved PPA, and which suit a private wire?", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "A sleeve can suit a buyer with enough demand to interest both a generator and a supplier, especially where the plant cannot sit next to the load or the estate is spread across sites. It is a weak fit for a very small load, a short occupation, or a buyer that needs a free hand to change supplier each year. A private wire fits adjacent generation and load, large and fairly steady daytime demand, long occupancy and land rights the parties actually control. Many warehouses and offices are better served by their own rooftop array, used as self-consumption on the occupier’s meter, than by either structure." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "How do these differ from a green tariff, a virtual PPA and rooftop solar?", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "A green tariff is a supplier product. A virtual PPA is mainly a financial contract: it does not build a cable, and it does not by itself sleeve physical volume through the site’s supplier. Same-site solar used by the occupier reduces import. It does not create a private wire, and it does not need a sleeve unless another person is buying the power. The position becomes a supply-law question only when another legal entity is being sold the electricity." } }, { "@type": "Question", "name": "What should be locked down before design or equipment orders?", "acceptedAnswer": { "@type": "Answer", "text": "On a private wire, the licence position, the import MPAN and any export spill are gates, not paperwork to add after a route is chosen. If the generator operates in parallel with the network, protection and backfeed risk remain, and works at the boundary can still involve the distribution network operator. Where that connection is in scope, G99 is the usual assessment route, but it is not a substitute for a licence check, and a sleeve does not remove the generator’s own connection process. On a sleeve, confirm in writing that a supplier will sleeve the volume, that the meters can produce the settlement data, and who carries mismatch. 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